Petrochemical equipment gas stove design improvement Peng Xiaoqiang Duan Guangfu 21. Zhuzhou Machinery Industry Research Institute, Hunan Zhuzhou 41200, 2 Chemical Industry Xiangdong Chemical Machinery Factory, Hunan Province, 4123, the manufacturing level, comprehensive benefits, large gas production Low manufacturing cost is the first process in the production of ammonia plant. The gas furnace is the main equipment for the production of raw gas for ammonia. Recently, the 28 ridge 0 3.3 gas furnace manufactured by our factory has concentrated on the current domestic manufacturing level.
1 Operation process and improvement The energy consumption of the target gas furnace accounts for more than 6 of the ammonia plant. The energy consumption is the target equipment of the equipment manufacturer and the ammonia plant. The good performance and advanced operation technology are closely combined in the beginning, no need The flameout or the ash cleaning is the first point of gas leakage. The operation process summarized by the factories and generally implemented is the high and low operation method, that is, the high air volume high carbon layer blast furnace temperature and the low carbon oxide content high air volume is Under the premise of ensuring that the carbon layer is not blown, the blowing capacity per unit time is increased as much as possible. The high carbon layer means that the carbon layer above the hood is 15002000, and the claw carbon layer is about 40 from the lower edge of the upper steam channel. Conducive to the reduction reaction, is conducive to the production of a large amount of good gas blast furnace temperature means that the gasification layer is maintained at 1 200130, 1 below the coal ash ash melting point, the furnace temperature can improve gas production efficiency and gasification intensity. Low-carbon carbon refers to the content of 2 in 5. I. The process of the furnace has to be done to improve the furnace. The first point is to change the bottom of the furnace assembly and the furnace. Install the coke machine, and ensure the sealing performance of the furnace during design and manufacture. 2 Design improvement 2.1 Furnace enlarges the diameter of the furnace and determines the height of the water jacket. Expanding the diameter of the furnace is to increase the gasification area, and directly increase the gas furnace output. The effect is very obvious. The diameter of the furnace is increased from 7., 71 to 8.55, and the outer diameter of the lower body of the boiler is increased to 043 water jacket thickness. Keeping the water jacket at a fixed height and maintaining the carbon layer has a sufficient effect, and can suppress the blowing of the upper blow, reduce the erosion of the upstream pipeline and equipment, reduce the heat loss during the gas generation process, and avoid the wall hanging. If the height is too large, the time for blowing the gasification agent into the fire layer will be prolonged when the air is blown down. The superheated steam will lower the temperature when it encounters the low temperature jacket, which will cause the heat storage capacity in the furnace to decrease, affecting the blowing and lowering. The production capacity of the gas stove. Based on the study of many users, we determined that the air-to-air height is 2.2. The bottom assembly of the hearth assembly includes the chassis. The ash tray has a large round and a guide ring. 1 The change has 2 points 0 to change the type of sliding bearing of the hearth gear transmission to a rolling bearing, and the parts that are related to it are also modified accordingly. However, although the bearing capacity is large, the load factor is large, and the furnace is difficult to rotate. The worm wheel and the worm are worn quickly, the worm frame is often cracked, and some units are used for several months. To greatly improve this situation, the friction coefficient of the rolling bearing is small = 5, which can reduce the friction between the components, effectively delay the friction damage of the components, reduce the current of the Ding, and extend the repair cycle. The rolling bearing has higher requirements on the working environment than the sliding bearing. The sealing is very important. The original structure is a labyrinth seal. Because the labyrinth seal gap is too large, the dust-carrying gas can pass through the labyrinth gap through the labyrinth gap and along the gray disc and the bottom of the furnace. The gap enters the bottom of the furnace and accumulates. Only can't get in. Daily product. Tired months. The gap between the upper and lower guide rings and the fire pinion is plugged. On the basis of the original labyrinth seal, a sealing ring is set on the ash point between the ash pan and the chassis and between the chassis and the furnace, 1 part 3 And the part number is also set between the upper and lower guide rings of the rolling bearing. The sealing ring part number 4 and the part number 72 enlarge the gray disc diameter. The lower part of the inner wall of the gas stove jacket is away from the edge of the gray disc, that is, the position of the slag discharge port should have a distance, that is, gray The outer diameter of the disk is reduced by half of the inner diameter of the furnace to form a ring-shaped area, called a furnace, a transition zone, which can stabilize the fuel layer and make it uniformly move down to prevent carbon monoxide and carbon slip. The 027451 gas stove has a transition zone of 255.51, the 03OOOmm gas stove has a 225.5mm transition zone, and the 036 gas stove has a 375 transition zone. The transition zone should ensure a fixed width. The 5330, 1 gas furnace ash tray outer diameter design ship 3 500 chassis also expands correspondingly, forming a transition zone lower guide ring 9. Large gear 10. Seal 1 ash tray and chassis. Ash tray 2.3 hearth furnace is the key to stable production and high production of gas furnace. It requires ventilation area to adapt to the increase of production load, strong slag removal ability, slag resistance to wear, gasification agent distribution, original pagoda type Furnace gasification agent distribution is uneven, local overheating, easy to agglomerate, can not break the slag in time, often need to manually smash this is mainly the pagoda type furnace ash discharge angle is small to a minimum of 13, the longest ash stroke Up to 800, there is no effective slagging device, it is difficult to discharge the slag into the slag area in time; even if it enters the slag area, the design of the gap between the furnace and the inner wall of the jacket and the ash discharge is unreasonable, and the furnace is The slag block only has the function of crushing and crushing, and lacks the function of cutting and breaking. For the slag block whose diameter is smaller than the ash outlet and the length is larger than the ash outlet, it cannot be broken, which makes the gas furnace itself difficult to discharge ash, and only relies on artificially assisting the smashing block, so The furnace condition is deteriorated, the stable operation cycle is shortened, the production capacity is reduced, the consumption is increased, the distribution of the gasification agent of the pagoda type furnace is uneven, the ash amount is increased, the position of the fire layer is moved upward, and the wall hanging phenomenon often occurs, in order to ensure Gas furnace production capacity, it is impossible to reduce the carbon layer too much, so it is in the form of sandwich, and the flameout is an important factor affecting the stable production of the gas furnace for a long period of time. We choose the uniform type of furnace type, and then on this basis, According to the requirements of the new furnace bottom and the furnace itself, the structure has been modified. 2The characteristic is that 2345 layers are made of heat-resistant and wear-resistant chrome cast iron, and 4 high-strength slag ribs are arranged on the top, so it has good Cutting and crushing function, ashing inclination angle 35, ashing length 420mm3 base is multi-prism, the gap between the jacket and the jacket is less than ash 0, the inner passage area is 1.6 times the air duct area, and the outer passage area is the inner passage area. 2.8 times, even if the external passage is partially blocked, it will not affect the blowing effect. The cross-sectional area of ​​the furnace is enlarged. The area of ​​the outer passage is correspondingly enlarged by 1 view, which can greatly increase the amount of gas generated. The height is 145, which is 90mm lower than the original, which makes the effective carbon layer increase. It is easy to establish and control the spacing between the layers of the gasification layer 6. The gasification agent entering from the lower steam passage can be distributed through the interlayer gap and the top hole. Uniformly ejected, 2 improved furnace, steam decomposition rate increased, from the original 53 to 5 secret, the blowing resistance is reduced, the amount of steam is increased, the residual amount of ash is reduced from 1 arrogance to 1 off, so it is not easy The phenomenon of crusting agglomeration and wind tunnel is generated. 2.4 The transmission chain of the closed drive transmission device in front of the furnace consists of the motor detaching pinion reducer, the small sprocket worm wheel and the pinion gear to form the front drive, that is, in the transmission chain. Worm gear drive, the input end is equipped with a large sprocket, the output end is equipped with a pinion. The past drive of the furnace is open, the worm gear pair works in dust, the transmission resistance is large, the worm gear pair wears quickly, and the replacement is frequent.
Now it is changed to completely seal the one part of the whole installation. In addition to improving the service life, it also improves the bearing capacity transmission efficiency and installation accuracy, which is convenient for the user.
2.5 Other components improve the set of petrochemical equipment in the process of non-rotational requirements 2 The coke machine and the lower ash device actuator adopts the hydraulic pressure link mechanism, which is compact and reliable, and the hydraulic system is convenient for the microcomputer to control the clamp of the 3 jacketed boiler The bottom of the sleeve is moved to the outside of the furnace body, and the ash outlet is protected to avoid the wear and low temperature corrosion of the bottom of the jacket. The automatic coke adding machine can stabilize the furnace temperature and gas quality, prevent gas leakage and increase gas production time. Plus production double 3. While manual coke, gas leakage, furnace temperature fluctuations, gas quality is unstable, long furnace shutdown time, because the gray disk is subjected to gravity extrusion force and torque and other load, easy to crack, so The material of the ash tray is changed from cast iron to cast steel. The furnace is made of chrome cast iron. It is resistant to high temperature and wear-resistant. The chrome-plated cast iron has poor fluidity and is difficult to fill. We use evenly distributed gates. The inner gate makes the heat inside the mold uniform, and the deep gate is used to reduce oxidation and increase the filling speed. It is not possible to enlarge the riser, which will result in a shrinkage hole under the riser. Even if the shrinkage hole is not large or only has a depression, it will cause the looseness of the structure at the place to require a uniform thickness of the wall, which is to ensure the accurate chromium content. When feeding, pay attention to the moderate block size, place and put in the appropriate order before the order of the furnace to ensure that the molten iron composition is illusory. The medium is 迸; the furnace is inoculated, which is very important for improving heat resistance. 4 Improvement effect We compare the main indicators such as technical economy of different furnace types. 1 Among them, 03.3 gas stove has the best comprehensive benefit and large gas production. The manufacturing cost is low.
Furnace type furnace cross section area m2 quality does not contain coke machine and lining 1 gas production mhh ash carbon content, fuel consumption 1 ton ammonia consumption standard coal Exi fertilizer plant, Xiangjiang nitrogen fertilizer plant, Jiangxi ammonia plant in Kunming PLA typical user Jiujiang The Gas Chemical Fertilizer Plant, the Shaanxi Chemical Fertilizer Plant 5 has been transformed into a number of medium-sized nitrogen fertilizer plants, and exported to Vietnam and Pakistan, etc., on behalf of the domestic 90s operating cycle is normal, easy to operate and repair overhaul Gear and 1 temperature. The coal gasification process is optimized. Beijing Chemical Industry Press, 2 Li Yongheng. I am expanding the effect of the gas stove. Medium nitrogen fertilizer, 1995, outside 3 Wang Honglei. On the design improvement of the fixed layer gas generator. Medium nitrogen fertilizer, 1997, 4 gas design manual writing group. Gas Design Handbook 4. Beijing Chemical Industry Kings Polymerization Kettle Structure Reconstruction Summary Fu Fusheng. Liu Jinzhou Qiqihar Chemical Co., Ltd. refinery, Qiqihar 1610331998 improved the structure of the polypropylene reactor in our plant. After one year of production practice, the transformation was successful. The traditional 1213 polymerization tank with internal cooling bundle was set in 4 groups. After the cooling heat exchange area is expanded to 1.5 times, the charging material only needs 3.51 to complete the entire production process, which improves the production efficiency.
2 Improve the stirring structure Generally, the bottom of the stirring spiral belt of the kettle adopts a double shovel-shaped structure, and the middle part of the shovel is easy to form a stirring dead zone, which is easy to block and block the father. The transformation measures adopted were to increase the width of the ribbon and improve the mixing effect, and to change the double-shovel structure at the bottom of the kettle into a bow-shaped plate, which not only improved the mixing efficiency but also eliminated the dead zone at the bottom of the kettle, thus eliminating the formation of agglomeration. The conversion rate of single kettle is increased from 55. The cat is increased by j.m3. The new type of seal is adopted. Since the penetration of 0=3 is very strong, it is necessary to continuously fill the traditional packing seal and the effect is ignored. We have chosen the double-end differential pressure type. Mechanical seal, using white oil as the isolation liquid, taking the gas phase in the kettle as the reference gas, relying on the pressure difference of the white oil high tank for pressure balance, and automatically controlling the isolation liquid Yanhua to build the first butyl rubber device in China for 3 years, investing The first set of 30,000 butyl rubber units with an annual output of 100 million yuan was put into operation in Beijing Yanshan Petrochemical Company. This marks the end of China’s history of not producing butyl rubber. The installation of the unit will be completed and the development of China’s tire industry will be Actively promoting, butyl rubber is an important raw material for the manufacture of medical stoppers and sealing products. Due to its excellent sealing performance, it is considered to be the best glue for the manufacture of automotive inner tubes. The butyl rubber production technology has a long process and complicated process, and is directly held by a few foreign companies. China's butyl rubber has long been imported, and it is only used to make the inner platform for exporting tires.
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