Looking at the development of the Chinese paper packaging industry, the development of corrugated boxes is a representative of the development of the paper packaging industry. With the continuous increase in the demand for corrugated cartons, China's corrugated cartons production equipment has been further developed. Higher demands have also been placed on the production of corrugated cartons to meet the needs of various aspects of cartons production. Therefore, the corrugated paperboard production paper is actually also consistent with the continuous improvement and improvement of the carton production equipment. With the improvement of the transportation link and the development of the papermaking industry, the paperboard production paper has grown from the low, low, and high weights of the past to high. The development of strength, low weight, and light weight is to adapt to the large market of domestic and foreign merchandise circulation, and to meet the international market. This is the inevitable result of the development of corrugated box production in China. According to the review of the author's 40 years of practical experience, the development of corrugated box production can basically be divided into three stages. From this it can be clearly seen that as the scale of corrugated box production continues to expand and the quality of carton production paper continues to increase, corrugated boxes Production has also developed faster.
The first stage: the 1950s and 1960s
China has not yet established its own packaging system and packaging organization. At the same time, other supporting industries are also lagging behind. Therefore, it is difficult to develop the packaging industry. At that time, corrugated cartons manufacturing equipment manufacturing and production of paper was basically in blank, and the vast majority of cartons manufacturing enterprises are small-scale workshop-style, family-style, the equipment is basically a single machine and manual operation, workers labor intensity, production is extremely low, production The way is extremely backward and the quality is very poor. After the public-private partnership, after the transformation of capital, it gradually expanded into a central factory, and the scale has been expanded. There are usually forty or fifty workers. After the technological revolution, equipment machinery factory rises, and corrugated cartons gradually realize semi-mechanized and semi-manual production. There are corrugating machines, gluing machines, slitting and creasing machines, monochrome printing machines, paper cutting machines, and nail box machines. . The quality of products has been improved, and the scale has been gradually expanded. Some regions have established packaging companies to support the export of paper boxes for downstream products. Foreign trade export packaging companies choose large-scale, better-quality carton enterprises with certain foundations as export-designated units. At that time, domestic papermaking was still relatively backward, and most of the kraft linerboards were imported. The gram weight was generally between 320g and 360g. It was used to make export cartons, and the domestic sales of cartons were poor. At the time, there were fewer carton companies, and users generally placed orders. The carton factory did not have a salesperson. Export carton profit margin is generally 25%, domestic carton profit margin is generally 20% to 23%.
The second stage: the 1970s to the late 1980s
In the 1970s, corrugated box production was still in a semi-mechanized, semi-manually backward state. Corrugated carton production equipment has not changed much, and carton production paper has not improved much. In the mid and late 1970s, corrugated cartons were concentrated in rural areas, towns, and streets. After the Cultural Revolution, public-private carton enterprises were restructured into state-owned enterprises. However, the backwardness of carton production remains unchanged. In the mid-1980s, as the demand for commodity markets continued to increase, the existing backward production equipment could no longer meet the requirements of the market for corrugated boxes. Carton manufacturers recognized the importance of technological transformation.
In the late 1980s, a certain scale carton factory introduced corrugated cardboard production lines and printing slotting machines from international advanced countries. First, it introduced the Japanese Mitsubishi tile line equipment and printing slot machines, and there was a Beijing cardboard box factory and a Shanghai cardboard box factory. There are Changzhou Changfeng Carton Factory on Agnattiwa Line in Italy.
In the 1990s, there was an upsurge of corrugated carton equipment manufacturing, providing advanced mechanical equipment for cartons. Turning a single machine into a corrugated single-faced unit is a very important starting point for the development of the corrugated box industry. This semi-mechanized production equipment has greatly increased the output and quality of the carton, reduced the labor intensity of workers, and improved the production environment and conditions. At the same time, new requirements have been put forward for corrugated paperboard, and the original corrugated paperboard production paper can no longer be adapted to the production of single-sided units. After the corrugated paper box on the roll paper machine, it has certain toughness, a certain tensile strength, and a uniform thickness, which is another important reason for the company to change the backward production mode and corrugated box production paper. The foreign trade export department puts forward new regulations for the manufacture of export corrugated cartons fixed-point enterprises, and must have the necessary conditions for the production of corrugated single-sided units. Strict requirements were imposed on the production of corrugated paper for export goods. The foreign trade department supplied tax-free imported corrugated box production paper, which could not be transferred for other uses and domestic carton production. Once it was found, it immediately cancelled the fixed-point qualification. Therefore, this strict management system improves the quality of export goods packaging cartons and reduces the serious losses caused by poor packaging.
Corrugated cartons National Standards GB/6543-86 and GB/5034-85 "Corrugated Paper Boxes" and "Corrugated Cardboard" were introduced. They are an important statute for guiding and planning the production and quality assurance of corrugated cartons. They have certain mandatory requirements. There is no doubt that new requirements have been put forward for the improvement of corrugated box paper. Standard corrugated box inspection is divided into two categories of appearance and physical properties. Appearance includes: 12 items including inner size, closed, squareness, knife edge, indentation line, and folding cover folding; physical properties include: cardboard thickness, “turns†of cardboard, paperboard burst resistance, paperboard side pressure strength, cardboard Puncture strength, cardboard compressive strength, moisture content, etc. These technical tests play a very important role in regulating the production and management of corrugated box manufacturers, strict production of corrugated box production paper, and improving product quality. On paper for corrugated box production, there was a historical reason why “we prefer to use high-weight boxboard as raw material instead of using low-weight cardboard raw materialsâ€, mainly because of the fear of instability in the quality of testing. Can not even meet the requirements.
In the late 1980s, due to the widespread use of corrugated boxes on the packaging of goods, a major breakthrough was made in “paper for woodâ€. In the long run, many of our country's merchandise packaging is still packaged with wood products, causing inconvenience to the goods in circulation, and sales have been stagnant. In 1993, Zhejiang Haimen Carton Factory replaced corrugated carton packaging with old wooden carton packaging and made bold improvements. It carefully studied and discussed the carton's shockproof, compressive, puncture-resistant, break-resistant, moisture-proof and printing and other aspects. Orange box packaging special requirements, with the support of the foreign trade department, in the country to improve the packaging, "paper to replace wood", the first to succeed. Reducing packaging costs, saving expenses, and lowering costs have created a precedent for “paper and woodâ€. This is a major result of packaging improvement and promotes the improvement of packaging throughout the country. It not only saves the country a lot of wood resources, but also provides a lot of quality for exports. The inexpensive and inexpensive corrugated carton packaging creates a new path for the further development of "paper-based plastics", "paper-based metal" and "paper-based glass".
The third stage: the mid-late period of the 1980s to the beginning of this century
This stage is a period of rapid development in corrugated box production. With the tremendous abundance of commodities and the rapid improvement of people’s living standards, the commodities market is rich and colorful, and the consumption index is continuously increasing. The demand for corrugated boxes that meet the requirements of green products and environmental protection has increased rapidly. The cartons manufacturing enterprises have been continuously constructed and expanded in various places. In order to expand the production capacity of the cartons, the original corrugated box manufacturers have also undergone a full-scale technological transformation of their production facilities and have successively upgraded the new and old lines. Introduce high-speed, wide-width, high-precision automatic corrugated board production lines. Some old lines are reconstructed at speeds of 150 m/min to 250 m/min, with widths of 1.8 m to 2.5 m, and levels 5 to 7 (F, E Roller type), computer-controlled automatic production line. In the rear-end equipment transformation, we attach great importance to the transformation of water-based printing slotting die-cutting machines and the configuration of printing presses. Some individual purchases of flat-press die-cutting die-cutting ensure the quality of die-cutting, and some purchase fully-automatic semi-automatic glue-boxing machines and semi-automatic nail boxes. Machine, conditional enterprises to introduce printing - slotting - die-cutting - sticking box - packaged one-stop rear-end equipment, production of high-grade carton products, ensure quality, improve quality, reduce production staff, reduce production costs, achieve scale, automation, fine Change of history and weight.
At the same time, it also puts forward higher requirements for corrugated box paper to meet the needs of large-scale automation and high-efficiency production. Due to the construction and expansion of some large paper-making enterprises, the production capacity has been greatly improved and there are various types of corrugated papers. According to the comprehensive opening up of the market, carton manufacturers have increased their choice of base paper, and they have to select a cheap, high-quality papermaking company through multiple channels.
According to statistics, in 1998, there were 1,056 corrugated board production lines in the country, and 3,000 in 2003; in the Yangtze River Delta region, the corrugated paperboard production lines in two provinces and one city in the Yangtze River Delta region developed more rapidly, and the coastal areas in Shandong and Fujian developed at a faster pace. The provinces of Shenzhen and Dongguan are the leaders of the country. For the Hong Kong and Macao regions, the high-grade corrugated board production lines imported from Japan, Germany, the United States, and Taiwan only account for about 15%, and the other 85% are domestic tile lines. Corrugated paperboard tile type With the change of the commodity market, on the basis of the traditional A, B, and C conventional types, ultra-thin G-types, F-types, and E-types have been developed, and they have been adjusted from the five-layer line to the seven-layer line.
National Paper Products (year) 1982 1985 1990 1995 2000 2001
Output value of paper products (100 million yuan) 4.99 26.30 112.20 307.97 620 675
The output value of China's paper products has been growing at a rate of about 10% per year, and it has exceeded 14 million tons, ranking third in the world after the United States and Japan. In 2001, the output value of China's paper products packaging reached 67.5 billion yuan, accounting for 28% of China's total packaging value of 237.6 billion yuan in that year, ranking first among all types of packaging.
During the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" period, China's economic development became internationalized, and the number of international trade increased. This has promoted the scale of paper packaging companies, their product quality, and their packaging level. The paper packaging industry and related industries have increased their exchanges at home and abroad. The number of joint ventures has increased. Advanced technology and equipment at home and abroad have been introduced, and advanced management experience has been absorbed. The quality of products has improved significantly, and the matching ratio of export goods and domestic demand goods has increased significantly. Taking carton boxes as an example: From 1995 to the end of the last century, the annual growth rate exceeded 20%, and technologies such as paper barrels, paper bags, paper tubes, and pulp molding have also made considerable progress. Followed by China's corrugated paper box industry to participate in the International Union of WUC and Asian Union of WUC organizations, occupy an important position in the international community.
Carton printing has developed from monochromatic printing to multicolor printing. The internationally developed flexographic printing technology is increasingly becoming one of the mainstream technologies for corrugated box printing. The box technology is developed from the nail box to the stick box. Carton UV polishing and other processing technologies are maturing. After the carton packaging machinery was introduced from abroad in the early 1980s, it has formed a relatively advanced carton packaging machinery and equipment.
The rapid development of carton production has greatly promoted the development and development of corrugated paperboard production paper in the paper industry, resulting in a fundamental shift in corrugated paperboard production papers to accommodate the new commodity packaging market. Domestic paper-making enterprises spotted the vast area of ​​corrugated paperboard production paper and introduced advanced paper-making equipment one after another. The technological transformation of the original equipment was carried out and replaced with new generations, so that the paper-making technology developed rapidly. At the same time, major improvements have been made to the raw material structure of corrugated paperboard production paper. On the other hand, the establishment and construction of fast-growing forest bases for papermaking in China have greatly increased the output of domestic pulp, and at the same time purchased wood pulp and waste paper from the United States. It is also an important factor to rapidly improve the quality of domestic corrugated box paper. As a result, corrugated box production paper in China has undergone major changes not only in terms of quantity but also in terms of quality. In particular, important raw materials for corrugated boxes have been imported for a long time. The high-strength, low-heavy corrugated paper has also been successfully developed. It has changed the main raw materials of paperboard for the production of export goods, such as kraft linerboard and high-strength corrugated paper, and has long relied on the history of imports from the United States, Japan, Finland and Indonesia. At the same time, the use of high-heavy, low-strength paperboard and corrugated paper in the past for corrugated paperboard production papers has changed, and it has evolved toward high strength, low weight, and light weight.
Reform and Opening Up Bring about the Development of Paper Packaging Industry
In the past 30 years of reform and opening up, China's economy has soared, reaching a double-digit annual growth rate. With the economic development of all industries and industries, China's paper packaging industry has witnessed sustained, rapid, healthy and orderly development.
The paper packaging industry is a barometer for China's economic development. Because the development of any industry can not separate from paper packaging, the paper packaging industry has greatly improved its position in the national economy. It has increased from the 49th to the current 14th, and the total industrial output value continues to be high. increase. In 2006, the total output value of the packaging industry reached nearly 500 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 23.58%. From 2003 to 2006, the average year-on-year increase was 18.39%, and the growth trend was obvious.
As the world's processing and manufacturing industry is relocated to China, the packaging industry in China is growing at a faster pace, especially in the paper packaging industry, which accounts for 38% of the total packaging volume. According to statistics, in 2007, the total annual sales volume of China's paper packaging industry has exceeded 63 billion square meters, and the total annual sales value has reached 222 billion yuan, accounting for 38% of the total output value of the packaging industry. The total output value of paper packaging has exceeded Japan and is lower than the United States. , accounting for the second place in the world, becoming a major producer of paper packaging industry.
The Shanghai paper packaging industry deeply feels the vitality brought about by the reform and opening up to the development of the company, especially the booming development brought by Shanghai Pudong's reform and opening up. It has established Pudong Lujiazui financial zone, Zhangjiang high-tech zone and Jinqiao export processing zone. , Waigaoqiao Bonded Area, etc., which has led to the introduction of a large number of powerful international top 500 companies and domestic-funded enterprises settled in Pudong, creating opportunities for the development of the paper packaging industry. Shanghai's paper packaging industry reached 1.3 billion yuan in 2007 from sales of one billion yuan in 1990 to 2007. In 1990, there were only 5 corrugated cardboard production lines. By 2007, it had soared to 130 corrugated cardboard production lines, and most of them were seven-storey high-grade full-automatic production lines. At present, there are nearly 30 companies with an annual output value of more than 100 million yuan. Shanghai Zhonghao Paper Products Processing Co., Ltd. has sales of 700 million yuan, and the corrugated board production line has an operating rate of 85%. It is one of the companies with the highest operating rate in the country.
The CPC Central Committee and the State Council have formulated a series of policies and objectives for reform and opening up, implemented a scientific concept of development, adjusted the production structure, changed the mode of growth, reformed the economic system, developed a circular economy, promoted green packaging, protected the environment, and reduced energy consumption and emissions, and promoted and promoted paper. The further development of the packaging industry has led the reform, opening up, innovation, transformation, and adjustment of the paper packaging industry.
Taking the transformation of the economic system as an opportunity, the private paper packaging companies have become stronger and stronger, with packages and paper papers to develop cross-regional and cross-industry operations, such as Zhejiang Shengda, Shangfeng, Jingxing, and Shanghai Zhonghao. Jie Long, Fujian Hexing, Huafa Group and other enterprises, the total output value reached 700 million to 50 billion yuan.
Adjust the production structure and change the growth mode. In the whole industry, we will implement the internal cooperative production pattern of “centralized system manufacturing and decentralized manufacturingâ€. We will give full play to the role of advanced equipment, increase the operating rate, process cardboard for small enterprises, improve product quality, reduce losses, and reduce production costs, achieving a win-win situation. purpose.
Develop a recycling economy and promote green packaging. The paper packaging industry uses paper as the main raw material, conforms to the requirements of green packaging and circular economy, and vigorously develops paper-based wood, paper-based plastics, and paper-based metal and glass paper packaging products to save the country’s timber resources and protect the environment. Recycling Recycling contributes to recycling, thereby reducing production costs.
Recently, Premier Wen Jiabao and Vice Premier Zhang Dejiang made instructions to actively promote mechanical and electrical products to replace timber. Wenzhou Dongjing Holding Group made innovations and reforms for improved packaging of mechanical and electrical products, paper and wood, and improved design techniques. Excellent performance, which saves packaging costs of 1.9 million yuan/year for Delixi mechanical and electrical products.
Scientific development concept as a guide, vigorously carry forward the spirit of innovation, and promote a new round of development of the paper packaging industry. The spirit of innovation, continuous innovation, daring to innovate, dare to compete with peers represented by Shengda and Shangfeng in the industry, and the spirit of innovation are worth carrying out and learning from. They put forward that “the practice never stops and the innovation never endsâ€. We believe that as long as we have innovative ideas, innovative styles, innovative ideas, innovative courage, and innovative practices, we will be able to bear fruitful results. The optimization and adjustment of Shengda and Shangfeng's product structure, the implementation of product transformation, and the road to market differentiation, resolutely decided to enter the high-end color printing market and special packaging market. To this end, it greatly improved the competitiveness of the product and the ability of the market to resist risks. During the global financial crisis, it can develop smoothly and will not be affected.
At present, the paper packaging industry must be in line with international standards. With the spirit of innovation, it is actively implementing the goals of high strength, low weight, and light weight for cartons and cartons, and the improvement of five-box to three-tier boxes for improved packaging products. Ingredients, improved technology, for the country to save timber resources, reduce production costs and achieve a win-win situation.
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