Cash registers are a common cash management tool used in corporate sales activities. The cash register not only provides a means of displaying and recording the number of sales and sales of the store. The earliest cash registers in the world were made in 1879 by the Americans Janmins Liddy and John Liddy, and their functions only fulfilled the business record memo and supervised the employer's misconduct. The modern cash register combines computer network technology, with commercial workstations that can be directly accounted for, real-time online processing, and can work in a network environment. The cash register has fulfilled the wish of store operators all over the world. Its high accuracy in accounting business and high efficiency in sales statistics enable commercial operators to quickly and accurately grasp the sales terminal links and large-scale Reduce operating costs. It is also a tool for the embodiment and implementation of modern internal accounting control ideas. The cash register describes the framework of internal control ideas and puts them into practice.
Reduced fraud in cash sales
There is also an interesting story in the application process of the cash register. John H. Patterson was a small retailer on the verge of loss. Another problem he has a headache is that there is no better way for employees to embezzle sales. One day, someone sold him a rough cash register and he applied it to sales. This invention changed the way the store operates. It makes calculations more convenient and shows the exact amount of payment directly to the customer. The modern cash register also prints a breakdown of the goods sold on a receipt for the customer, while the store also maintains a transaction record. The use of the cash register has turned him into a profit because the employee who receives the payment is supervised by the cash register operating procedures. As a result, the theft of the staff is difficult to achieve. This is an example of the first successful use of internal control ideas in the field of financial accounting. A simple cash register has stopped the unethical behavior of the sales collection through programming, which is a prototype of internal control. What's more interesting is that Patterson took a fancy to the huge business opportunities behind the cash registers and eventually became the world's cash machine sales giant.
If you compare the collection process before and after using the cash register, you will find it. When using the cash register, the work of the cashier is placed under the inherent procedures of the machine and under the supervision of the customer, so that the cashier loses the opportunity to overcharge or reduce the customer's cash. The cash register's own recording function can prevent the cashier from guarding against theft. But the old-fashioned cash registers can't prevent the cashier and customers from colluding. For example, the cashier will bring the goods out of the store to his accomplices without going through the cash register.
Improved internal control environment
With the passage of time, the use of high-tech means has enabled the self-service cash register to be published and widely circulated. Cash registers have been continuously improved. The latest cash registers have a common interface to computers, can connect to a variety of networks, and have dedicated interfaces for business environments, such as magnetic card readers, cash drawers, and bar code reader peripherals. The interface also has a dedicated keyboard for the business environment. How to complete the sales process through the customer's operation of the self-service cash register without unattended circumstances without the customer stealing the goods is a big problem for the self-service cash register.
The self-service cash register frees more cashiers from behind the old-fashioned collection counter, saving human resources while saving customers waiting time. The personal experience of using the self-service cash register made the author realize the internal control thought embodied in the cash register. The programmatic design of the funded cash register allows the customer to automatically record the number of items, automatically display the sales amount, and collect the change. When the customer scans the product barcode to the cash register, the screen displays information such as the quantity, unit price, amount, and discount. At this time, the customer must place the scanned product in the designated location, or transport it to the loading area via the transfer belt, or directly into the shopping bag. The automatic weighing device compares the characteristics of the weight of the product with the displayed sales record of the product, and avoids the occurrence of the wrong product. If this process is not completed successfully, the next item will not be scanned, and the self-service checkout will sound an audible reminder to alert the staff to the channel and intervene. After the entire scanning process is completed, the automatic cash register can also automatically identify cash and change to zero, or connect with the bank credit card and debit card system to complete the collection process. Almost all shopping malls in the United States have dedicated channels for automatic cash registers, requiring only a small number of employees to be on duty. Under normal circumstances, the customer can complete the whole process without the assistance of the staff, but theft is rare. The root cause is not the high moral level of the customer, but the procedural design that uses the idea of ​​internal control, so that the idea of ​​stealing cannot be easily realized. If you don't follow the procedures designed by the cash register, you will put yourself at the same time as the store staff and customers, and imagine who will carry out the theft in this situation.
The famous investor Charlie Munger has a high evaluation of the contribution of the cash register. He pointed out that the cash register has made outstanding contributions to the improvement of human moral standards. Eliminating falsification of the system like a cash register can enhance civilized behavioral economic behavior by reducing sin. Internal control activities are aimed at fraud or even fraud in economic activities. The correct programming and the introduction of appropriate tools can help companies form perfect institutional rules. A good rule can be that the bad guys get better. On the contrary, a bad system can be a good person to learn bad. This sentence also applies to the design of the internal control system. Under the influence of internal control, people as the object of control can automatically improve the noble professional ethics of respecting the rules and obey the rules, which is the source of the perfect internal control system.
Perfect internal control should pay attention to the use of tools
The history of human society is a process of inventing and using tools to transform nature. The invention and use of tools played a pivotal role in this process. The ancient language: "The sharpening of the knife does not mistakenly cut the woodworker", "workers must first sharpen their tools when they want to do something good" is the proof. In the process of perfecting the internal control system of modern enterprises, the formulation of internal control norms and the issuance of detailed rules only lays the institutional foundation for internal control, and its final implementation must go deep into every aspect of production and management activities. The idea of ​​internal control should be reflected in the whole process of laborers using production tools, internalizing internal system control and internal containment into necessary components of production and operation activities, and integrating them into the management information system of enterprises. The design of the internal control system can't just stay on the “institutional wallâ€. It can't just be satisfied with the object of control, and the control measures are formulated. Instead, the internal control should be designed in a targeted manner like the invention of the cash register. Procedures, scientifically designing internal control tools, appliances. The internal control system should not only be programmed, but should be further mechanized and electronic.
The weakness of internal control lies in the inability to effectively prevent insiders from colluding with each other. A large part of the reason is that the internal control system relies too much on the role of people in the internal control system. Especially in family businesses, the relationship between blood relatives, marriage relatives, relatives, and folks within the company has become the basic interpersonal relationship of the family business, and together with the brothers who "play the world", they constitute the personnel relationship of the family business. The whole family business has been immersed in the situation of "love" and supplemented by "rationality", and it is absolutely impossible to use the "law" relationship. In this environment, any well-formed internal control system provisions are It seems pale and weak, and becomes a piece of paper in the distorted execution system. In the end, it becomes ineffective and discards the "chicken ribs" that violate the rules. We are delighted to see that many commercial retailers in China have applied modern cash collection systems extensively to enhance internal control, strengthen corporate management and improve efficiency. Practice has proved that the application of internal control tools such as cash registers and other modern technical means is the practice and materialization of internal control ideas, and is the inevitable path for internal control improvement.
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