Thin-film printing technology brings intelligent housing design to transportation devices

Vehicles that can shine in the dark and provide more passenger space; aircraft and submarines that can fully monitor the condition of the enclosure; and military vehicles that have been locked by missiles, are expected to have the capability to destroy missiles—to achieve this, all There is a need to provide smarter housing designs for transport devices.

Today's car shell is a less intelligent product: it is just a package made of crooked metal, glass and plastic materials to protect passengers or goods sitting inside the car. The bulky batteries and motors in the car are often overheated. They need to use expensive and unreliable cooling technology—usually water-cooled—to cool down. However, as people develop more new technologies, such as solar energy, external sensing, and lighting, these technologies cannot be effectively operated within the car. They need to be realized through more intelligent housings. For example, the U.S. Department of Defense has developed a plan for real-time monitoring of the overall external structure of an aircraft using a smart enclosure.

At present, there are many technologies in the industry that can make the future of the transport device housing more intelligent, such as multi-layer, conformal electrical and electronic products. On the other hand, technologies such as flat electric motors and localized suspension systems, as well as in-wheel controls, have also become more practical through the use of film and printing technologies.

Mechanical linkage and transmission systems may be eliminated, thereby saving cost and space, and improving reliability.

In other words, multi-layer printing can replace heavy, expensive copper wires in cars, allowing heavy ceilings and automotive dashboards to become multilayer laminates. Schreiner has provided BMW cars with decal printing technology that glows when the door is opened, and BMW is also preparing to use a streamlined automotive thermoelectric generator (ATEG) capable of extracting thermal energy from engines and emissions. In automotive lighting applications, the lifetime of light emitting diodes has increased tenfold. In fact, the thinnest LCD TVs currently use LED backlights. However, the longevity of large-area alternating current electroluminescence and OLED lighting and display technologies are gradually being overcome.

The 'molecular switch' printing layer at the University of Texas at Austin has the potential to simulate plant collection light sources and convert them into energy. Its energy can be obtained directly from the sun rather than through low-efficiency biofuels such as corn.

Taking into account the technological advances mentioned above, we can indeed believe that a smarter housing design will save more space, cost, weight and energy for land, sea and air transportation devices while adding more new features. For example, if a truck or aircraft can shine in the dark, they will be easier to identify and avoid accidents. In addition, if the entire housing of a car can be used to generate electricity, it can generate as much as ten times the current number of cars installed on the roof of solar panels.

The benefits that can be provided by using new technologies are not only that. We can also generate electricity from transparent print layers such as a car's windows or lighting. Currently, Taiwan, Japan, and laboratories in many parts of the world have demonstrated transparent and semi-conductor inorganic and organic solar optoelectronic printing technologies. These technologies are very important for so-called smart housings.

There are already some printed solar cells with external transparent transistors that can be used to control the spectral response. Transparent solar cells can be layered on a transparent light emitting surface. NEC Corporation of Japan is developing a transparent rechargeable battery layer and a transparent OLED display device that can easily operate using the tiny DC voltage generated by the transparent solar cell.

At first glance, it may not seem appropriate to design the brain devices and power supplies that are responsible for some calculations in the car shell so that they can directly face the impact, but the facts are not as bad as it sounds. After eliminating the wet electrolyte, the dangers of wet chemicals are also eliminated. This makes it suitable for hybrid supercapacitor battery architectures including Dye Sensitised Solar Cells (DSSCs), supercapacitors, and supercabatteries. In addition, new generation designs no longer use toxic substances.

Bionics (Biomimetics) will also play a role, just as there is always a redundant part of the human brain. Today we often see redundant power supplies and circuits on warships or aircraft. Most of these components have greater damage tolerance. Just like birds, some feathers can still fly. If the human hand loses only part of the effect, it may still retain its sense of touch.

Is it possible that the car shell that can withstand the missile attack can be realized? According to recent studies in Europe, the Electric Armor will be an economical way to protect the car from being damaged by penetrating blasting.

The traditional thick steel plate armor is replaced by a capacitor layer - the two conductive layers are separated by an insulator. When the warhead penetrates the smart enclosure, it closes the circuit and discharges the capacitor to resist the attack. The study was conducted by the British BMT Defence Services for the European Defence Agency.

The British Army’s new armored vehicles are likely to be equipped with electrical helmets from the National Science and Technology Laboratory (DSTL) to counter the rocket grenades. The DSTL has developed a system that weighs only two tons, but is equipped with the same protective effect as carrying an additional 10 to 20 tons of steel armor gear, reducing the impact of rocket grenades to almost zero. Through the ever-evolving technology of various smarter transport casings, we will see more magic in the future.

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