There are many types of folding machines, and each has its own series, so machine folding signatures are also complicated, but all machine folding signatures are developed by hand folding signatures. Discussing typical machine folding book signatures and mastering their regularity are also the prelude to mastering modern folding machines and their digital folding.
In order to avoid the complicated and lengthy discussion of machine-folded signatures, the more typical machine-folded signatures, which can reflect the regularity and characteristics of machine-folded signatures, are described later.
Basic concepts of machine folding
Although there are many types of folding machines, in terms of their folding structure, one of them is mostly composed of a fence structure and a knife structure, and a mixture of the two. Secondly, in terms of the size of the folded blanks, there are full-page and folio folding machines, and even eight start-ups. Among them, there are various series. Third, for machine folding book signatures, each printing manufacturer can work out the folding trend of each folding machine according to the existing folding machine, and formulate a process specification for the operator to execute according to the specification.
Positioning datum and orientation of machine folding "fold blank"
What is a "folded blank"? Unfolded signatures are called folded blanks or blanks. The positioning reference refers to the critical point of the size measurement in the process of manufacturing, or the standard position of processing.
In the process of folding a book signature, the signature must have a positioning reference position, and the machined folding blank must have two positioning references. With the reference position "folded blank", it is possible to fold it into line-to-line and code-to-code finished signatures, otherwise it will be defective or even scrap. Therefore, the edge of dynamic size (refer to the concept of so-called dynamic size on page 10) cannot be used as a reference.
The reference position of the blank is best selected at the edge of the front or side stop of the printing press. Another option is at the edge of the opening edge of the printed sheet. The former is composed of one signature and the latter is composed of multiple signatures. Both use the change of the starting position of the layout (that is, imposition) and the change of the front and back positions to meet the requirements of the folding machine for the reference position.
Folding principle of knife folding machine
The following figure shows the principle diagram of the one-blade folding device.
Schematic diagram of knife folding device
"Folded blank" Q is conveyed by a row of conveyor belts to the front stop gauge A, and then pulled by the pull gauge device to the lateral pull gauge B, so that the positioning of the "folded blank" is completed, and then the folding knife D The descent causes the "folded blank" to enter the two rotating friction wheels (M1 and M2). As shown in the upper left small image on the right page, under the effect of the frictional rotating force, the "folding of the folded blank" is completed. ", Its folded form, as shown in the upper left small picture on the right page.
The reason why a book signature can be folded multiple times depends on the folding machine having multiple sets of folding devices. If it is required to fold the folded blank n times, the folding machine should have n folding devices. Some folding devices to adapt to the signature of different folding times.
The folding principle of grid folding machine
As shown below, the "folded blank" Q is transferred to the fence 1 by a row of inclined rollers (oriented at the lateral stop gauge B). When the front edge of the "folded blank" reaches the stopper A1, it promotes the "folded blank" "Accurate positioning, affected by the clamping of the fence (the space can only pass through a layer of paper), under the action of the rotating force between the two friction rollers (M2 and M3), the first folding is completed; then" folded blank "When the edge of the double-layer paper that enters the fence 2 reaches the forward blocking gauge A2, it again promotes the positioning of the" folded blank ", which is still affected by the insertion of the fence (the space can only pass through the two-layer paper). Under the action of rotating force between M3 and M4), the direction indicated by the red arrow "→" is the exit of the second folding of the "folded blank". The shape of the "folded blank" after the second folding is as shown in the figure below As shown in the small picture on the upper left.
Schematic diagram of grid folding device
The folding device of the grid folding machine can have different combinations according to the folding method and fold number of the signatures, and there are similar ways of stacking wood. One or two folding devices can also be used to achieve the book Posts have different requirements for folding, but there are still some limitations to reorganization or use.
Folding machine direction (stroke) diagram
The trend diagram is an aspect of the basis for designing the folding book signature. It clarifies the itinerary of the folding path of the folding machine, so it is also called the road map. The manufacturing manual of the folding machine should be accompanied by a trend map.
The direction chart is drawn by mechanical sketch, and some simple symbols are drawn to represent the route of folding. The simple symbols are shown on the right page.
Since the trend diagram is the process of expressing the folding, that is, the description of the folding route, it can also use text to express the specific folding route of a folding machine for a certain signature. Its form can be:
C: 3ï¼5 = 1 → 3 → 4 → c
This form can be called a fold sequence, or a fold sequence, which can be explained in this way:
C: refers to the folding device, 3/5 is that the folding machine always has 5 folding devices, 3 groups are activated, and 2 groups are used. The specific route of the folding route is: the fence 1 and the fence 3 and the fence 4. Complete 3 folds in turn, and then the book signatures enter (fall) into the collection bucket c.
From the folding chart to the figure, a simulated folding blank can be used to check whether the folding is wrong, so as to determine whether the folding sequence is correct. This is called interactive proofreading. The text description of "Towards Folding Order" can be issued as a technical instruction on the production payment slip.
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