Hardness overview
Hardness is an important performance index to measure the hardness of metal materials. It can be understood as the ability of a material to resist elastic deformation, plastic deformation or damage, or as a material to resist residual deformation and anti-destruction. Hardness is not a simple physical concept, but a comprehensive indicator of the mechanical properties of material elasticity, plasticity, strength and toughness. The hardness test can be divided into static pressure method (such as Brinell hardness, Rockwell hardness, Vickers hardness, etc.), scratch method (such as Mohs hardness), rebound method (such as Shore hardness) according to different test methods. Microhardness, high temperature hardness, etc.
Practice has proved that there is an approximate relationship between the hardness values ​​and the strength values ​​of various hardness values ​​of metal materials. Because the hardness value is determined by the initial plastic deformation resistance and the continued plastic deformation resistance, the higher the strength of the material, the higher the plastic deformation resistance and the higher the hardness value. However, the conversion relationship of various materials is not consistent.
Hardness indicates the ability of a material to resist the intrusion of a hard object into its surface. It is one of the important performance indicators of metallic materials. Generally, the higher the hardness, the better the wear resistance. Commonly used hardness indexes are Brinell hardness, Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness.
The ability of a material to partially resist the intrusion of a hard object into its surface is called hardness. The most common method of testing the hardness of steel is to use a trowel to rub on the edge of the workpiece, and the depth of the scratches on the surface is used to determine the hardness. This method is called sputum test and this method is not scientific. The hardness tester is more accurate and is a commonly used method for modern test hardness. Commonly used hardness measurement methods include Brinell hardness, Rockwell hardness and Vickers hardness.
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