Why does the Western Digital Black Disk repeatedly change its head and knock? Why can only one side be read? Why are spare parts sometimes restored or not? Why is the scratch data not visible, and why can’t it be read? To understand the specific reasons, check the black number of the Western Digital drive in question. The root cause often lies in the internal mechanics of the hard disk.
In the past, especially around 2006 to 2009, models like WD800BB and WD800JD were known for their reliability. Data recovery was usually straightforward, with minimal bad sectors and few issues during mirroring. Occasionally, a head might knock and need replacement, but typically, 2–3 heads would work. These drives were compatible with various boards, such as the 1292 board working with 1130 and 1335 heads. This made full data recovery possible.
However, by 2009–2010, the situation became more complex. Some drives wouldn’t show proper seek signs when replacing the head. Even if one head worked, the other might fail, causing repeated knocking. Different strategies were used depending on the case:
- **A:** Replacing the head multiple times until a working one was found.
- **B:** Adjusting the head’s angle using a microscope to match the original.
- **C:** Using UDMA virtual read technology to access data from one side at a time.
- **D:** Other methods that weren’t always effective.
By 2011, most drives were still manageable, but after 2012, things got harder. These drives had been in use for 6–7 years, beyond their typical 3–5-year lifespan. As a result, many began failing, often due to circuit board damage caused by repeated tapping.
When the circuit board was damaged, even replacing it could lead to further issues. Long-term tapping could damage the servo area, particularly the 0th surface. If the 0th head couldn’t be read, even after replacing the board and head, the drive would still knock and fail to locate the firmware area. In some cases, only part of the data could be recovered, like the C drive.
Customers were usually informed about these limitations. Most accepted partial recovery, especially when the cost was justified. Some drives required reading just one face, while Others needed more advanced techniques.
One key issue was overheating and oxidation of the PCB over time. If the drive wasn’t properly shut down, the board could tap for extended periods, damaging the 0th surface. For example, a 5400 RPM drive tapping for an hour could generate thousands of hits, leading to severe damage.
Another mystery was why the 0th surface often failed while the 1st surface remained readable. This remains unsolved and is still under investigation by experts.
The "White Plate" (commonly called "Bai Fumei") models had better success rates. Their ROM versions started with 1XXX, allowing direct virtual read access without needing hot swaps. While they were more prone to scratches, they had built-in protection circuits to prevent long-term tapping damage. This made them more reliable for data recovery.
For multi-head drives, the hot swap technique involved reading one side at a time. It was important to start with the 0th face, then move to subsequent partitions. If the C drive had bad sectors, it was better to skip it unless specifically requested. Reading the partition table first helped save time and improve accuracy.
When matching spare parts, it was crucial to find similar color and motor types. Mismatches could lead to failure.
Today, many Western Digital Black Drives can still be repaired. Common issues include PCB damage, head knocks, motor failure, and physical damage. Some drives may have bad sectors, but most can be partially or fully recovered through careful repair and data extraction. Each case is unique, and while some problems remain unsolved, experienced technicians can often find a way forward.
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